Research on Socioeconomic Status and Stress
Consider the following research:
According to a study published in Psychosomatic Medicine, women of lower socioeconomic status (lower income and education levels) and African American women reported higher allostatic load, which is how the effects of chronic stress accumulate and impact your body in a negative way. Job stress has been correlated with metabolic syndrome, a cluster of symptoms that have been linked to increased risk for diabetes, heart disease, and other health problems. Research has found that those in higher-level jobs experience metabolic syndrome to a lesser degree.
Factors Behind Lower Socioeconomic Status and Higher Stress
People of lower socioeconomic status may experience greater levels of stress and poorer health outcomes for several reasons, including:
Higher-paying jobs bring greater personal control. It’s not always the case, but more often it’s the higher-level workers who have more personal choices in their lifestyles and more resources at their disposal, leading to lower levels of stress. Those in higher socioeconomic levels tend to make healthier choices. Those of lower socioeconomic status often deal with stress by smoking. They’re also more likely to skip breakfast and have a less diverse social network. These factors are all correlated with poorer health outcomes. Higher socioeconomic status brings greater resources for health. Those with lower levels of socioeconomic status tend to have poorer health outcomes because they’re less able to take care of their health and even afford health care, among other things. This contributes to greater levels of stress. Lower socioeconomic status children may get less training in stress management. It has been found that some children from lower socioeconomic status backgrounds get less training in critical thinking and in anticipating crises. This is significant because stress can be managed in large part by anticipating stressful events and making plans to reduce their stressful impact. Making healthier choices and planning ahead are behaviors that can be taught, but they may not be taught as much in every family.
How to Decrease Your Stress
While some things can’t be changed, people of all socioeconomic levels can decrease their lifestyle stress and improve their health by doing the following:
Stop stress before it becomes severe. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) offers suggestions, such as eating well, maintaining social support, and exercising, that can help you control the excess stress in your lifestyle and adopt healthier coping behaviors. Give up unhealthy coping behaviors. If you’re smoking, drinking excessively, overeating, or coping with stress in other unhealthy ways, it’s important to stop. These habits can all increase your overall stress level and take a toll on your health at the same time. Learn and practice healthy coping habits. Other healthier habits can relieve stress and improve your health, too. Learn more about exercise, meditation, and healthier stress relievers.
